Complete List of Tropica Plants
Tropica is the single-biggest provider of plants that I know of in Canada. Their variety and quality is excellent particularly if you're looking for algae and pest-free plants. To make selection easier, I've compiled a single-page list of all of the plants they offer based on the content from their site.
| Name | Description | Height (cm) | Light Demand | CO2 | Growth Rate | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alternanthera reineckii 'Mini' | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.This miniture version of the well-known Alternanthera is characterized by compact growth and a slower growth rate. It is particularly suitable for small aquariums or as a foreground plant in larger aquascapes. By careful trimming can you create a dense, red-violet carpet approximately 5 to 10 cm high. High light intensity and addition of CO2 improves the plants growth and overall apperance. | 5 - 10+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | Cultivar |
| Alternanthera reineckii 'Pink' | Plant in 5 cm pot.The purple colour underneath leaves of Alternanthera reineckii 'Pink' from South America provides an effective contrast to the many green plants in an aquarium - particularly when planted in groups. Stems becomes 25-50 cm tall. Good light encourages the leaves to turn red. Easy to propagate by nipping off the terminal bud and planting it in the substrate. This also makes the mother plant more bushy, because more side shoots are formed. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | South America |
| Alternanthera reineckii 'Pink' | Large motherplant, grown in a 9 cm square pot.The purple colour underneath leaves of Alternanthera reineckii 'Pink' from South America provides an effective contrast to the many green plants in an aquarium - particularly when planted in groups. Stems becomes 25-50 cm tall. Good light encourages the leaves to turn red. Easy to propagate by nipping off the terminal bud and planting it in the substrate. This also makes the mother plant more bushy, because more side shoots are formed. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | South America |
| Alternanthera reineckii Rosanervig | Plant in 5 cm pot.Vibrant pink leaves with light nerves characterise this vigorous culture form. The plant has a compact form of growth and the stalk does not grow as strong as other Alternanthera. Suitable for planting in the mid-section of the aquarium â and even in the front when cut well. As for all Alternanthera, good light and fertilizer conditions, as well as CO2 additive is material for growth and colour development. | 5 - 20+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | Cultivar |
| Anubias barteri caladiifolia | Live aquatic plant in pot, packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia originates from an Australian tissue propagation laboratory. It is a very beautiful variety with heart-shaped leaves. The leaves live for several years, so Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia can easily form large groups despite its slow growth. A group of Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia growing more than 50 cm wide in a few years is not unusual. | 10 - 15+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cultivar |
| Anubias barteri 'Coffeefolia' | Anubias barteri var. coffeefolia is a very beautiful, low cultivar of Anubias barteri. 15-25 cm tall and a creeping rhizome from 10-15 cm or more. It is characteristic that the leaves arch considerably between the leaf ribs, and the new leaves are red-brown. The colour combination and leaf shape make it an attractive variety in both large and small aquariums. It flowers frequently under water but does not produce seeds there. Anubias species seem to grow so slowly that they do not realise that they have been submerged. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cultivar |
| Anubias barteri sp. | Anubias barteri rooted on large lava stone. | 5 - 15+ | Low | Low | Slow | Africa |
| Anubias barteri sp. | Anubias barteri var. nana rooted on a large piece of mangrove wood. | 5 - 15+ | Low | Low | Slow | Africa |
| Anubias barteri var. angustifolia | Anubias barteri var. angustifolia from West Africa is a beautiful plant with long, narrow leaves. 10-20 cm tall with the rhizome forming 10-15 cm or larger. Anubias barteri var. angustifolia used to be sold as Anubias afzelii, but the latter is actually a much larger species. It is grown in the same conditions as Anubias barteri var. nana. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish. | 10 - 15+ | Low | Low | Slow | Africa |
| Anubias barteri var. barteri | Anubias barteri var. barteri from West Africa is an undemanding plant. It grows somewhat larger than Anubias barteri var. nana but is grown in the same conditions. From 25-45 cm tall and a creeping rhizome from 10-15 cm or more. Anubias barteri varies considerably in terms of size and leaf shape.Like other Anubias-species, it is best planted in a shady spot to minimize algae growth on the leaves. It is also suitable for terrariums and paludariums. Herbivorous fish do not eat the very tough and robust leaves. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Slow | Africa |
| Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia | Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia originates from an Australian tissue propagation laboratory. It is a very beautiful variety with heart-shaped leaves. The leaves live for several years, so Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia can easily form large groups despite its slow growth. A group of Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia growing more than 50 cm wide in a few years is not unusual. | 10 - 15+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cultivar |
| Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia | Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia originates from an Australian tissue propagation laboratory. It is a very beautiful variety with heart-shaped leaves. The leaves live for several years, so Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia can easily form large groups despite its slow growth. A group of Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia growing more than 50 cm wide in a few years is not unusual. | 10 - 15+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cultivar |
| Anubias barteri var. nana | Anubias barteri var. nana is a small, attractive plant which thrives in all conditions. It originates from Cameroon and will reach 5-10 cm height. The rhizome will be 10-15 cm or more. It grows slowly, and the leaves survive for several years, giving slow-growing algae the chance to become established. The best result is achieved by planting on a stone or tree root. Fishing line can be used to attach the plant until it gains a hold. If planted on the bottom the rhizome must not be covered because it tends to rot. It flowers frequently under water. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish. | 5 - 15+ | Low | Low | Slow | Africa |
| Anubias barteri var. nana | Anubias barteri var. nana on lava stone.Anubias barteri var. nana is a small, attractive plant which thrives in all conditions. It originates from Cameroon and will reach 5-10 cm height. The rhizome will be 10-15 cm or more. It grows slowly, and the leaves survive for several years, giving slow-growing algae the chance to become established. The best result is achieved by planting on a stone or tree root. Fishing line can be used to attach the plant until it gains a hold. If planted on the bottom the rhizome must not be covered because it tends to rot. It flowers frequently under water. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish. | 5 - 15+ | Low | Low | Slow | Africa |
| Anubias barteri var. nana | Anubias barteri var. nana rooted on a piece of mangrove wood.Anubias barteri var. nana is a small, attractive plant which thrives in all conditions. It originates from Cameroon and will reach 5-10 cm height. The rhizome will be 10-15 cm or more. It grows slowly, and the leaves survive for several years, giving slow-growing algae the chance to become established. The best result is achieved by planting on a stone or tree root. Fishing line can be used to attach the plant until it gains a hold. If planted on the bottom the rhizome must not be covered because it tends to rot. It flowers frequently under water. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish. | 5 - 15+ | Low | Low | Slow | Africa |
| Anubias barteri var. nana | Anubias barteri var. nana is a small, attractive plant which thrives in all conditions. It originates from Cameroon and will reach 5-10 cm height. The rhizome will be 10-15 cm or more. It grows slowly, and the leaves survive for several years, giving slow-growing algae the chance to become established. The best result is achieved by planting on a stone or tree root. Fishing line can be used to attach the plant until it gains a hold. If planted on the bottom the rhizome must not be covered because it tends to rot. It flowers frequently under water. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish. | 5 - 15+ | Low | Low | Slow | Africa |
| Anubias barteri var. nana | Live aquatic plant in pot, packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Anubias barteri var. nana is a small, attractive plant which thrives in all conditions.It originates from Cameroon and will reach 5-10 cm height. The rhizome will be 10-15 cm or more. It grows slowly, and the leaves survive for several years, giving slow-growing algae the chance to become established.The best result is achieved by planting on a stone or tree root. Fishing line can be used to attach the plant until it gains a hold. If planted on the bottom the rhizome must not be covered because it tends to rot. It flowers frequently under water. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish. | 5 - 15+ | Low | Low | Slow | Africa |
| Anubias gracilis | West Africa is the home of many Anubias, including this one.The 5-10 cm big triangular leaves with long leaf stems make Anubias gracilis one of the most elegant. It is hardy and sturdy â a good starter plant. The plant can grow on stones and roots or be planted into the bottom layer. If planted into the bottom layer, make sure not to cover the rhizome from which leaves and roots grow, or else the plant will rot and die.Anubias gracilis can grow over the surface of the aquarium, but please note that the plant grows to be significantly bigger over water. | 10 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Africa |
| Anubias 'Petite' | Anubias sp. âPetiteâ is a mutation which appeared in cultivation at the Oriental aquarium plant nursery in Singapore. Grows very slowly, and can be difficult to keep in healthy growth. Stays less than 5 cm tall and with a rhizome from 5-10 cm or more. It is most decorative when attached to stones or roots, and like other Anubias should be attached with fishing line until it gains a hold. A specialty plant which is ideal for miniature landscapes in small aquariums. | 3 - 5+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cultivar |
| Aponogeton boivinianus | Aponogeton boivinianus is a large, strong plant which is only suitable for large aquariums. A bulb plant from Madagascar. In favourable conditions it can form very large leaves (up to 80 cm long and 8 cm wide, and from 30-50 cm wide). The oldest leaves are deep dark-green, while younger leaves are light-green and sometimes brownish until they are fully developed. In the wild Aponogeton boivinianus is found in fast-flowing water, and it prefers some flow in the aquarium water. It needs a dormant period when the bulb does not produce leaves. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Low | High | Africa |
| Aponogeton crispus | Aponogeton crispus from Sri Lanka look good in any aquarium with its light-green, transparent leaves. Leaves from 25-50 cm and the plant grows to 15-25 cm wide. It makes few demands, although growth is always best in soft, slightly acidic water with a nutritious bottom. In such conditions the plant produces a mass of leaves, and it flowers very frequently in optimum conditions. Aponogeton crispus is generally found in ponds that are only filled with water in the rainy season, but it does not need a dormant period in the aquarium. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Low | High | Asia |
| Aponogeton longiplumulosus | Aponogeton longiplumulosus from Madagascar has large, fluted leaves (35-60 cm long), making it a wonderful plant which can be recommended for large aquariums (the whole plant becomes 25-40 cm wide). It is relatively undemanding, and makes no special demands on water quality. It also flowers frequently, making it a beautiful addition to any large open aquarium. It stops growing at regular intervals, but normally starts again after a few weeks of dormancy. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Africa |
| Aponogeton madagascariensis | Aponogeton madagascariensis is a bulb plant from Madagascar and is a speciality in botanical gardens all over the world. Aponogeton madagascariensis makes such high demands on water quality and the bottom that it can only be recommended as a solitary plant in large, specialised aquariums in which the water is replaced frequently. There are several varieties, with different structures and leaf widths, and sizes from 25-50 cm. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Low | Medium | Africa |
| Aponogeton ulvaceus | Aponogeton ulvaceus is one of the most beautiful bulb species in the Aponogeton-family and originates from Madagascar. The leaves are delicate light-green and transparent with fluted margin. A single root can produce more than 40 leaves, 30-60 cm long. This means that the plant is best as a solitary plant in large aquariums (the plant becomes up to 50 cm wide). It is relatively tolerant, and thrives in both soft and hard water, particularly if CO2 is added. There are many varieties of Aponogeton ulvaceus, some of which need a dormant period when the root does not produce leaves. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Low | High | Africa |
| Azolla caroliniana | Azolla caroliniana from North America is a small (1-2 cm tall), floating fern housing blue-green algae in its leaves. These algae are capable of absorbing nitrogen from the air, which can then be used by the plant. Azolla caroliniana is used as nitrogen fertiliser in rice paddies, and as animal feed. There are several related varieties on the market, with similar appearance. A decorative plant for open aquariums. | 3 - 5+ | Low | Low | Medium | North America |
| Azolla filiculoides | Azolla filiculoides (previously called Azolla caroliniana) from North America is a small (1-2 cm tall), floating fern housing blue-green algae in its leaves. These algae are capable of absorbing nitrogen from the air, which can then be used by the plant.Azolla filiculoides is used as nitrogen fertiliser in rice paddies, and as animal feed. There are several related varieties on the market, with similar appearance.A decorative plant for open aquariums. | 3 - 5+ | Low | Low | Medium | North America |
| Bacopa australis | Bacopa australis was discovered in southern Brazil (australis = southern), and it does not come from Australia, as might otherwise be assumed from its name. Stems become 10-30 cm tall and 2-4 cm wide. Like the other Bacopa species, Bacopa australis is also easy to grow in an aquarium. Under certain conditions it creeps across the bottom to form an elegantly decorative light green cushion. When Bacopa australis grows in a good light, the leaves become reddish. It is easily propagated by taking side shoots and planting them in the substrate. | 5 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | High | South America |
| Bacopa caroliniana | Bacopa caroliniana originates from US and has been used as an aquarium plant for many years. Stems become 10-30 cm long and 3-4 cm wide. Apart from relatively good light it makes few demands. Its slow growth rate makes it one of the few stem plants that do not need much attention. Like most stem plants, it is most decorative when planted in small groups. Easy to propagate by cuttings; take a side shoot and plant it in the bottom. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Slow | North America |
| Bacopa caroliniana | Bacopa caroliniana originates from US and has been used as an aquarium plant for many years. Stems become 10-30 cm long and 3-4 cm wide. Apart from relatively good light it makes few demands. Its slow growth rate makes it one of the few stem plants that do not need much attention. Like most stem plants, it is most decorative when planted in small groups. Easy to propagate by cuttings; take a side shoot and plant it in the bottom. | 10 - 30+ | Low | Low | Slow | North America |
| Bacopa caroliniana | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.Bacopa caroliniana originates from US and has been used as an aquarium plant for many years.Stems become 10-30 cm long and 3-4 cm wide. Apart from relatively good light it makes few demands. Its slow growth rate makes it one of the few stem plants that do not need much attention.Like most stem plants, it is most decorative when planted in small groups. Easy to propagate by cuttings; take a side shoot and plant it in the bottom. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Slow | North America |
| Bacopa caroliniana | Grown in a ceramic mini-pot to plug and grow in the tank. Packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Bacopa caroliniana originates from US and has been used as an aquarium plant for many years. Stems become 10-30 cm long and 3-4 cm wide. Apart from relatively good light it makes few demands. Its slow growth rate makes it one of the few stem plants that do not need much attention. Like most stem plants, it is most decorative when planted in small groups. Easy to propagate by cuttings; take a side shoot and plant it in the bottom. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Slow | North America |
| Bacopa 'Compact' | This culture form of the stalk plant Bacopa Monnieri is more compact and, under good light conditions, almost a creeping plant. By pinching off all vertical growing shoots, the plant can maintain a low and close growth, since it willingly creates a large number of side shoots.Furthermore, the plant grows well in the shadow of other plants. Very suitable as a bit higher carpet â or bushy plant in the middle or front of the aquarium. The plant becomes more vertical growing and less compact without CO2 additive and decreased light conditions. | 3 - 10+ | Low | Low | High | Cultivar |
| Bacopa 'Compact' | Live aquatic plant in pot, packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.This culture form of the stem plant Bacopa Monnieri is more compact and, under good light conditions, almost a creeping plant. By pinching off all vertical growing shoots, the plant can maintain a low and close growth, since it willingly creates a large number of side shoots.Furthermore, the plant grows well in the shadow of other plants. Very suitable as a bit higher carpet â or bushy plant in the middle or front of the aquarium. The plant becomes more vertical growing and less compact without CO2 additive and decreased light conditions. | 3 - 10+ | Low | Low | High | Cultivar |
| Bolbitis heudelotii | Bolbitis comes from West Africa, a fern with very beautiful transparent green leaves, 15-40 cm tall and wide. When planting do not cover the rhizome because it will rot, and it is best to plant Bolbitis heudelotii on a root or stone. Keep the plant in position with fishing line until it has gained a hold. Easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome. Growth can be increased considerably by supplying CO2, and is only optimal in soft, slightly acidic water. | 15 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | Slow | Africa |
| Bolbitis heudelotii | Mangrove wood with a rooted Bolbitis.Bolbitis comes from West Africa, a fern with very beautiful transparent green leaves, 15-40 cm tall and wide. When planting do not cover the rhizome because it will rot, and it is best to plant Bolbitis heudelotii on a root or stone. Keep the plant in position with fishing line until it has gained a hold. Easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome. Growth can be increased considerably by supplying CO2, and is only optimal in soft, slightly acidic water. | 15 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | Slow | Africa |
| Bolbitis heudelotii | Bolbitis comes from West Africa, a fern with very beautiful transparent green leaves, 15-40 cm tall and wide. When planting do not cover the rhizome because it will rot, and it is best to plant Bolbitis heudelotii on a root or stone. Keep the plant in position with fishing line until it has gained a hold. Easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome. Growth can be increased considerably by supplying CO2, and is only optimal in soft, slightly acidic water. | 15 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | Slow | Africa |
| Bucephalandra 'Wavy Green' | Plant in 5 cm pot.In nature, Bucephalandra usually grows on rocks or wood in rivers and streams - much like Anubias, which they resemble regarding use and care in the aquarium.Bucephalandra 'Wavy Green' is an easy, slow-growing plant that prefers lower light levels. A nice, dense appearance is ensured by the willingness to branch, even without trimming.The green leaves are 2 cm wide and 5 cm long with wavy edges. Tiny white spots will appear on immerse leaves.The creeping stem, rhizome, must not be covered when planting. This will cause the plant to rot and die. | 5 - 10+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Bucephalandra 'Wavy Green' | Bucephalandra grown on lavastone.In nature, Bucephalandra usually grows on rocks or wood in rivers and streams - much like Anubias, which they resemble regarding use and care in the aquarium.Bucephalandra 'Wavy Green' is an easy, slow-growing plant that prefers lower light levels. A nice, dense appearance is ensured by the willingness to branch, even without trimming.The green leaves are 2 cm wide and 5 cm long with wavy edges. Tiny white spots will appear on immerse leaves.The creeping stem, rhizome, must not be covered when planting. This will cause the plant to rot and die. | 5 - 10+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Cabomba aquatica | Cabomba is a very popular aquarium plant from South America owing to its beautiful foliage. It reaches 30-80 cm and each stem can become 5-8 cm wide.The least demanding of the Cabomba-species, but still causes problems in poorly lit aquariums. If there is not sufficient light, try Limnophila sessiliflora, which requires less light. Most decorative when planted in groups. Eaten locally as a vegetable. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Low | High | South America |
| Cardamine lyrata | Cardamine lyrata is actually a marsh plant from Japan. But it is also a familiar aquarium plant which thrives under water with 20-50 cm long stems. A characteristic trailing growth form makes it highly decorative, and âaerialâ roots often form on the plant itself. Plant in groups, and make sure the water temperature does not exceed 28 degrees C (this makes the leaves much smaller and the plant more leggy). Also suitable in garden ponds in the summer. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Medium | High | Asia |
| Ceratophyllum demersum 'Foxtail' | Ceratophyllum demersum 'Foxtail' was found in a smaller tributary in Bolivia during an expedition to Rio Guapore, a boundary river between Brazil and Bolivia. Ceratophyllum has no roots as such, but it can still be planted in the bottom of an aquarium and stems can become up to 80 cm tall and 5 cm wide. 'Foxtail' differs because its leaves are closer together and it has lateral shoots, which gives it an attractive, compact appearance. The plant also distinguishes itself because it is hardier and its stalks do not break as easily as those of other Ceratophyllum-varieties. | 5 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | Cosmopolitan |
| Ceratopteris thalictroides | This plant normally grows fast, but the addition of CO2 may be necessary to promote growth. In small open aquariums it can grow out of the aquarium and form beautiful surface leaves. The finely branched leaves are very decorative and provide good contrast to other leaf shapes. In good light Ceratopteris thalictroides grows fast and helps prevent algae by consuming large amounts of nutrients. This makes it a good starter plant in small aquariums. | 15 - 30+ | Medium | Low | High | Asia |
| Cladophora aegagropila | Cladophora aegagropila is not really a plant, but a ball of algae from 3-10 cm wide. It is a decorative exception from the rule about avoiding algae at all costs. It is normally found in shallow lakes, where the movement of the waves forms it into a sphere. In an aquarium it must be turned regularly to keep it in shape. Cladophora aegagrophila can be divided into smaller pieces, which become spherical with time, or which form a carpet, if attached to roots and stones. Protected in parts of Japan. | 3 - 10+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cosmopolitan |
| Crinum calamistratum | Crinum calamistratum from West Africa is a very graceful bulbous plant with dark-green, very narrow leaves. The curly leaves becomes 40-120 cm long. It forms smaller bulbs than the other Crinum-species, and requires less light. In the aquarium plants that are thriving form a number of small bulbs. It is not eaten by herbivorous fish. It can also be used in brackish aquariums with low salt concentrations. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Slow | Africa |
| Cryptocoryne beckettii 'Petchii' | Cryptocoryne beckettii 'Petchii' is a small variety of Cryptocoryne beckettii from Sri Lanka, which has beautiful, slightly fluted leaf margins, 10-15 cm long. Leaves become dark olive-brown with violet underside. Like many other Cryptocorynes, the leaf colour and shape depends largely on environmental conditions in the aquarium. | 10 - 15+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Cryptocoryne beckettii 'Petchii' | Cryptocoryne beckettii 'Petchii' rooted on lava stone.Cryptocoryne beckettii 'Petchii' is a small variety of Cryptocoryne beckettii from Sri Lanka, which has beautiful, slightly fluted leaf margins, 10-15 cm long. Leaves become dark olive-brown with violet underside. Like many other Cryptocorynes, the leaf colour and shape depends largely on environmental conditions in the aquarium. | 10 - 15+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Cryptocoryne beckettii 'Petchii' | Live aquatic plant in pot, packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Cryptocoryne beckettii 'Petchii' is a small variety of Cryptocoryne beckettii from Sri Lanka, which has beautiful, slightly fluted leaf margins, 10-15 cm long. Leaves become dark olive-brown with violet underside. Like many other Cryptocorynes, the leaf colour and shape depends largely on environmental conditions in the aquarium. | 10 - 15+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Cryptocoryne crispatula | Cryptocoryne crispatula var. balansae is from Southern Thailand where there are limestone mountains, and the water can be very hard. Like many other Cryptocorynes it needs to acclimatise before growth starts in earnest. Leaves becomes 20-60 cm long and the single roset plant becomes 15-20 cm wide. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Cryptocoryne crispatula | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.Cryptocoryne crispatula var. balansae is from Southern Thailand where there are limestone mountains, and the water can be very hard. Like many other Cryptocorynes it needs to acclimatise before growth starts in earnest. Leaves becomes 20-60 cm long and the single roset plant becomes 15-20 cm wide | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Cryptocoryne parva | Cryptocoryne parva fromac Sri Lanka is the smallest of all Cryptocorynes (only 3-6 cm tall and a roset less than 5-8 cm wide). It is one of the few species that does not significantly change its leaf shape and colour depending on cultivation conditions. It needs more light than most other Cryptocorynes because it almost loses its leaf blade under water. So it must never be overshadowed by other plants. Individual plants should be planted a few centimetres apart, and after about six months they will form a cohesive low group of plants. Recommended for foreground planting. | 5 - 10+ | Medium | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Cryptocoryne undulata 'Broad Leaves' | The triploid variety of Cryptocoryne undulata from Sri Lanka has wider leaves and a beautiful, flecked leaf pattern. It also grows larger, from 15-30 cm, and the single roset becomes 10-20 cm wide. It is a hardy plant and do well under many growing conditions. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Cryptocoryne usteriana | Cryptocoryne usteriana is one of the taller cryptocorynes and is very easy to grow.Leaves are 3-5 cm wide with an embossed surface; they can easily reach more than 50 cm length.With good light and fertilization, the upper side of the leaves will obtain a dark green or bronze-green colour while the back of the leaves will turn burgundy red.Propagation is by long runners, and the plant tolerates quite alkaline water very well. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Cryptocoryne wendtii | Cryptocoryne wendtii âGreen' is suitable for small aquariums with a height from 10-15 cm and a roset from 8-15 cm wide. When grown in an open space the leaves will virtually lie on the bottom. Like most other Sri Lanka Cryptocorynes, it also grows well in hard water. | 10 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Cryptocoryne wendtii 'Green' | Live aquatic plant in pot, packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Cryptocoryne wendtii 'Green' is suitable for small aquariums with a height from 10-15 cm and a roset from 8-15 cm wide. When grown in an open space the leaves will virtually lie on the bottom. Like most other Sri Lanka Cryptocorynes, it also grows well in hard water. | 10 - 15+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Cryptocoryne wendtii 'Tropica' | This beautiful variety with the dark, hammered leaves is named after 'Tropica'. When grown in an open space the leaves will virtually lie on the bottom. It is suitable for small aquariums with leaves from 10-20 cm, and a rosette from 10-20 cm wide. Like most other Sri Lanka Cryptocorynes, it also grows well in hard water. | 10 - 20+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Cryptocoryne wendtii 'Tropica' | This beautiful variety with the dark, hammered leaves is named after 'Tropica'. When grown in an open space the leaves will virtually lie on the bottom. It is suitable for small aquariums with leaves from 10-20 cm, and a rosette from 10-20 cm wide. Like most other Sri Lanka Cryptocorynes, it also grows well in hard water. | 10 - 20+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Cryptocoryne x willisii | This Cryptocoryne from Sri Lanka used (mistakenly) to be called Cryptocoryne nevillii, but this is the name of a species that has never been used in aquariums. Like many other Cryptocorynes, not much happens the first month after planting. But then it starts to grow, and willingly produces plenty of runners which form a compact group. The plant becomes 7-20 cm tall, and each roset 7-15 cm wide. | 10 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Cyperus helferi | Cyperus-species are widespread all over the tropics, but only a few of them are good underwater plants. Cyperus helferi from Thailand is the first Cyperus-species used in aquariums, 20-35 cm tall and a roset from 15-25 cm wide. It requires a relatively large amount of light, and CO2 addition is recommended to promote growth. In aquariums with good water flow the plant sways beautifully in the current. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | Slow | Asia |
| Didiplis diandra | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.Didiplis diandra from North America is a fine plant which should be planted in small groups with stems from 10-15 cm and 2-5 cm wide. In good light it develops red shoot tips which form a beautiful contrast with other green plants. A demanding plant which needs a lot of light and prefers soft water. CO2 addition boosts growth considerably. Also known as Peplis diandra. | 10 - 20+ | Medium | High | Medium | North America |
| Echinodorus 'Aquartica' | Characteristics of the cultivar Echinodorus 'Aquartica' are its round, bright green leaves. Its compact (10-20 cm), low growth makes it suitable as a decorative solitary plant. Slow growing and easy to care for, Echinodorus 'Aquartica' retains the refreshing green colour of its leaves in normal lighting and nutrient conditions in the aquarium. The plant is a cross between several different cultivated plants, including Echinodorus horemanii and several round-leafed Echinodorus species. Echinodorus 'Aquartica' was developed by Kristian Iversen from the "Aquartica" company. | 10 - 20+ | Medium | Low | Medium | Cultivar |
| Echinodorus 'Barthii' | The cultivar Echinodorus âBarthiiâ is a decorative and beautiful solitary plant for large aquariums. It becomes 25-50 cm tall and the whole rosette 20-30 cm wide. The leaves change colour from dark-red in the youngest leaves to dark-green in the oldest. The colour develops well when the light intensity is high and there are sufficient micro-nutrients in the aquarium. A nutritious bottom and CO2 addition promote growth. This plant takes a lot of light from plants underneath, so it must be pruned occasionally. It used to be sold as "Double Red". | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Cultivar |
| Echinodorus 'Barthii' | The cultivar Echinodorus 'Barthii' is a decorative and beautiful solitary plant for large aquariums. It becomes 25-50 cm tall and the whole rosette 20-30 cm wide. The leaves change colour from dark-red in the youngest leaves to dark-green in the oldest. The colour develops well when the light intensity is high and there are sufficient micro-nutrients in the aquarium. A nutritious bottom and CO2 addition promote growth. This plant takes a lot of light from plants underneath, so it must be pruned occasionally. It used to be sold as "Double Red''. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Cultivar |
| Echinodorus 'Bleherae' | Live aquatic plant in pot, packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Echinodorus 'Bleherae' i from South America is undemanding and beautiful, and becomes 20-50 cm tall. A nutritious bottom promotes growth, but the plant needs pruning to prevent it depriving plants underneath of light. Echinodorus bleheri does well even in poorly illuminated aquariums, as it grows towards the light. It is a hardy and easy solitary plant for both beginners and the more experienced with quite large aquariums. It has been sold under the name ''Paniculatus''. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | South America |
| Echinodorus bleheri | Echinodorus bleheri from South America is undemanding and beautiful, and becomes 20-50 cm tall. A nutritious bottom promotes growth, but the plant needs pruning to prevent it depriving plants underneath of light. Echinodorus bleheri does well even in poorly illuminated aquariums, as it grows towards the light. It is a hardy and easy solitary plant for both beginners and the more experienced with quite large aquariums. It has been sold under the name ''Paniculatus''. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | South America |
| Echinodorus bleheri | Echinodorus bleheri from South America is undemanding and beautiful, and becomes 20-50 cm tall. A nutritious bottom promotes growth, but the plant needs pruning to prevent it depriving plants underneath of light. Echinodorus bleheri does well even in poorly illuminated aquariums, as it grows towards the light. It is a hardy and easy solitary plant for both beginners and the more experienced with quite large aquariums. It has been sold under the name "Paniculatus". | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | South America |
| Echinodorus cordifolius 'Fluitans' | A comparatively fast-growing Echinodorus from Mexico, suitable for large aquariums reaching 20-50 cm long leaves and a 15-30 cm wide roset. Unlike other round-leafed varieties of the species, Echinodorus cordifolius ssp. fluitans is less likely to grow up over the water surface. If it grows large enough, it forms large leaves just under the surface instead. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | North America |
| Echinodorus 'Ozelot' | Echinodorus 'Ozelot' is a decorative hybrid between Echinodorus schluteri 'Leopard' and Echinodorus âBarthiiâ. 20-50 cm tall and a 20-40 cm wide rosette. Naturally, it is the elliptical black spots on the red-brown leaves that have given this plant the name 'Ozelot'. The spots are darkest on the youngest leaves, and unlike many other spotted Echinodorus, 'Ozelot' retains its spots even at low light intensity. It is an undemanding, good plant for beginners. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Cultivar |
| Echinodorus 'Ozelot' | Echinodorus 'Ozelot' is a decorative hybrid between Echinodorus schluteri 'Leopard' and Echinodorus âBarthiiâ. 20-50 cm tall and a 20-40 cm wide rosette. Naturally, it is the elliptical black spots on the red-brown leaves that have given this plant the name 'Ozelot'. The spots are darkest on the youngest leaves, and unlike many other spotted Echinodorus, 'Ozelot' retains its spots even at low light intensity. It is an undemanding, good plant for beginners. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Cultivar |
| Echinodorus 'Ozelot Green' | A beautiful, dark-green variety of Echinodorus 'Ozelot', 20-50 cm tall and a 20-40 cm wide rosette. The dark spots form a bigger contrast on the light leaves. The leaf margin is fluted. A nutritious bottom promotes growth. It is an easy and highly recommended plant, which thrives in almost all conditions. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Cultivar |
| Echinodorus 'Ozelot Green' | A beautiful, dark-green variety of Echinodorus 'Ozelot', 20-50 cm tall and a 20-40 cm wide rosette. The dark spots form a bigger contrast on the light leaves. The leaf margin is fluted. A nutritious bottom promotes growth. It is an easy and highly recommended plant, which thrives in almost all conditions. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Cultivar |
| Echinodorus palaefolius | In marshy conditions Echinodorus palaefolius var. latifolius from Brazil has round leaves with a horizontal leaf base. Under water the leaves are narrower and longer (from 20-40 cm, and a 20-40 cm wide roset). In the aquarium it tends to grow out of the water. This can be prevented by removing the long leaves just before they reach the water surface. The next leaves will then become shorter and the plant will remain under water. In open aquariums the plant can be allowed to grow out of the water, but the leaf margins often dry out if air humidity is low. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Low | Medium | South America |
| Echinodorus palaefolius | In marshy conditions Echinodorus palaefolius var. latifolius from Brazil has round leaves with a horizontal leaf base. Under water the leaves are narrower and longer (from 20-40 cm, and a 20-40 cm wide roset). In the aquarium it tends to grow out of the water. This can be prevented by removing the long leaves just before they reach the water surface. The next leaves will then become shorter and the plant will remain under water. In open aquariums the plant can be allowed to grow out of the water, but the leaf margins often dry out if air humidity is low. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Low | Medium | South America |
| Echinodorus quadricostatus | Echinodorus âQuadricostatusâ from South America has characteristic light-green leaves 10-15 cm long which form a good contrast to the darker aquarium plants. It is most beautiful when planted in groups, each roset becoming 15-20 cm wide. In good conditions it produces runners which spread over the bottom. Very light leaves are a sign of a shortage of micro-nutrients. There is some confusion about the name of this plant, and it has been sold as Echinodorus bolivianus var. magdalenensis. | 10 - 15+ | Low | Low | High | South America |
| Echinodorus 'Red Diamond' | Echinodorus 'Red Diamond' appeared as a culture in the Ukraine, and is probably a cross between Echinodorus horemanni 'Red' and Echinodorus âBarthiiâ. The resultant hybrid is an attractive plant with ruby-red sword-shaped leaves, 15-25 cm long. Unlike many of the other Echinodorus-species, Echinodorus 'Red Diamond' remains moderate in size (20-30 cm wide roset), so it is extremely well suited as a solitary plant, even in small aquariums. Increasing the nutrients in the substrate results in more abundant growth, while favourable light conditions promote the formation of the ruby-red leaves. | 15 - 20+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | Cultivar |
| Echinodorus 'Reni' | 'Reni' is a well-known cultivar characterised by being amongst the smallest of the red Echinodorus, 15-40 cm tall and a roset from 15-25 wide. The new leaves of the plant are reddish-brown to deep beetroot in colour. It can be used in small aquariums and is unpretentious. The plant requires a lot of light and nourishment for optimal colour development. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Cultivar |
| Echinodorus 'Reni' | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.'Reni' is a well-known cultivar characterised by being amongst the smallest of the red Echinodorus, 15-40 cm tall and a roset from 15-25 wide. The new leaves of the plant are reddish-brown to deep beetroot in colour. It can be used in small aquariums and is unpretentious. The plant requires a lot of light and nourishment for optimal colour development. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Cultivar |
| Echinodorus 'Reni' | Live aquatic plant in pot, packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.'Reni' is a well-known cultivar characterised by being amongst the smallest of the red Echinodorus, 15-40 cm tall and a roset from 15-25 wide.The new leaves of the plant are reddish-brown to deep beetroot in colour. It can be used in small aquariums and is unpretentious. The plant requires a lot of light and nourishment for optimal colour development. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Cultivar |
| Echinodorus 'Rosé' | This beautiful plant is a hybrid between Echinodorus horemanii âRedâ and Echinodorus horizontalis. It was first produced in 1986 by Hans Barth in Dessau and becomes 25-40 cm tall and a rosette from 15-25 cm wide. New underwater leaves are a beautiful pink, and initially the leaves have red-brown spots. A nutritious bottom promotes growth, but otherwise Echinodorus 'Rosé' is undemanding and thus an excellent plant for beginners. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Cultivar |
| Echinodorus 'Rosé' | This beautiful plant is a hybrid between Echinodorus horemanii âRedâ and Echinodorus horizontalis. It was first produced in 1986 by Hans Barth in Dessau and becomes 25-40 cm tall and a rosette from 15-25 cm wide. New underwater leaves are a beautiful pink, and initially the leaves have red-brown spots. A nutritious bottom promotes growth, but otherwise Echinodorus 'Rosé' is undemanding and thus an excellent plant for beginners. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Cultivar |
| Echinodorus 'Rosé' | Live aquatic plant in pot, packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.This beautiful plant is a hybrid between Echinodorus horemanii âRedâ and Echinodorus horizontalis. It was first produced in 1986 by Hans Barth in Dessau and becomes 25-40 cm tall and a rosette from 15-25 cm wide. New underwater leaves are a beautiful pink, and initially the leaves have red-brown spots. A nutritious bottom promotes growth, but otherwise Echinodorus 'Rosé' is undemanding and thus an excellent plant for beginners. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Cultivar |
| Echinodorus tenellus | Small foreground plants for aquariums are in short supply, but Echinodorus tenellus from North America is one of the best. The runners spread round the aquarium. A true "lawn'' effect appr. 5-10 cm tall is only achieved at high light intensities, so you must make sure larger plants do not overshadow the plant. Plant individual plants a couple of centimetres apart (easiest with tweezers). A nutritious bottom promotes growth. | 5 - 10+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | North America |
| Egeria densa | The cosmopolitan Egeria densa is a good plant for beginners, and its rapid growth helps create a balance in the aquarium from the start. Stems grows fast to 40-100 cm and becomes 2-4 cm wide. Egeria helps preventing algae because it absorbs a great number of nutrients from the water. The plant secretes antibiotic substances which can help prevent blue-green algae (a type of bacteria). The growth rate depends largely on the amount of light and nutrition available. Growth does not stop in unfavourable conditions, but the plant turns light in colour and the tendrils grow thin. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | Cosmopolitan |
| Elatine hydropiper | The creeping growth of this stem-plant makes it highly attractive for creating carpets in the aquarium. The very small leaf size makes it an obvious choice for nano-tanks.Its fresh green colour compliments wood, rocks and other plants extraordinary well and has made the plant increasingly popular.The growth of Elatine hydropiper is quite similar to Hemianthus callitrichoides 'Cuba' and Glossostigma elatinoides but is considerably slower, making it easier to maintain. | 3 - 5+ | High | High | Medium | |
| Eleocharis acicularis 'Mini' | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.Eleocharis acicularis 'mini' has even lower growth than the common Eleocharis parvula and was given to Tropica by Thomas Barr from US. Plant the mini-version in small portions covering a larger area. In short time, a dense carpet will be obtained. Needs light to perform optimal, however, it is one of the most secure species for craeting a carpet â and a minimum of maintenance since leaves stays small (3-5 cm). Suitable for nano-aquariums. | 3 - 5+ | Medium | Medium | Slow | Cultivar |
| Eleocharis parvula | A low-growing Eleocharis that forms runners close to the parent plant. It is prettiest planted in small bunches quite close to each other, which will gradually form a solid mass of plants. An ideal foreground plant, equally suited to large and small aquariums. | 3 - 10+ | Low | Low | High | Cosmopolitan |
| Eleocharis sp. | This American Eleocharis is in a fresh grass green colour and grows to be 20-40cm high. It is basic and low maintenance. Each straw is only few millimeters thick and the plant maintains an open form of growth. It is suitable as a background plant, and can further be planted in front and in the centre of the aquarium, in transparent wads, in order to create depth and perspective. The plant spreads through runners, which occasionally have to be trimmed and maybe planted elsewhere. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | North America |
| Fissidens fontanus | This featherlike Fissidens-moss with tight deep green down comes from North America. It grows relatively slow and requires much more light than other mosses. Suitable for binding roots and stones both vertically and horizontally in the aquarium. | 3 - 5+ | Medium | Medium | Slow | Asia |
| Fontinalis antipyretica | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.Fontinalis antipyretica looks best when it reaches a bigger size. Hence, the bright green tips of each darker green stem becomes visible. Fontinalis is a unassuming and easy moss, which do well also at lower temperatures, and does well in many types of aquariums. | 5 - 10+ | Medium | Low | Slow | Cosmopolitan |
| Glossostigma elatinoides | Glossostigma elatinoides from New Zealand is much in demand in Japanese-inspired aquariums. It is one of the smallest aquarium plants (2-3 cm tall), and thus a good foreground plant. A difficult plant demanding a lot of light. Grows upwards if light is poor. Make sure larger plants do not overshadow it. When planting in the aquarium small clumps (approx. 1/8 pot) should be placed at intervals of a few centimetres to help the plants grow together more quickly. CO2 addition and soft water promote growth significantly. | 3 - 5+ | High | High | High | Australia |
| Glossostigma elatinoides | Glossostigma elatinoides from New Zealand is much in demand in Japanese-inspired aquariums. It is one of the smallest aquarium plants (2-3 cm tall), and thus a good foreground plant. A difficult plant demanding a lot of light. Grows upwards if light is poor. Make sure larger plants do not overshadow it. When planting in the aquarium small clumps (approx. 1/8 pot) should be placed at intervals of a few centimetres to help the plants grow together more quickly. CO2 addition and soft water promote growth significantly. | 3 - 5+ | High | High | High | Australia |
| Gratiola viscidula | Gratiola viscidula originates from Northern America and is relatively new to the aquatic hobby. The somewhat âthornyâ appearance of the submersed form makes it very distinct and easily recognizable. It is quite easy to grow and prefers good light. By regular trimming it can be kept very low, almost carpeting, but will also present itself well as a fore/mid-ground cushion-plant.Each stem is approximately 1-2 cm wide and can become 10+ cm tall. The stem willingly branches and spreads giving a very dense appearance to the plant. | 3 - 10+ | Medium | Medium | Slow | North America |
| Helanthium 'Quadricostatus' | Live aquatic plant in pot, packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Echinodorus âQuadricostatusâ from South America has characteristic light-green leaves 10-15 cm long which form a good contrast to the darker aquarium plants. It is most beautiful when planted in groups, each roset becoming 15-20 cm wide. In good conditions it produces runners which spread over the bottom. Very light leaves are a sign of a shortage of micro-nutrients. There is some confusion about the name of this plant, and it has been sold as Echinodorus bolivianus var. magdalenensis or Echinodorus 'Quadricostatus'. | 10 - 15+ | Low | Low | High | South America |
| Helanthium 'Quadricostatus' | Echinodorus âQuadricostatusâ from South America has characteristic light-green leaves 10-15 cm long which form a good contrast to the darker aquarium plants. It is most beautiful when planted in groups, each roset becoming 15-20 cm wide. In good conditions it produces runners which spread over the bottom. Very light leaves are a sign of a shortage of micro-nutrients. There is some confusion about the name of this plant, and it has been sold as Echinodorus bolivianus var. magdalenensis. Previously known as Echinodorus 'Quadricostatus'. | 10 - 15+ | Low | Low | High | South America |
| Helanthium tenellum 'Green' | Previously named Echinodorus tenellus 'Green'.This small rosulate plant will easily make a 5-10 cm high carpet when the light is good and the bottom layer nutritious. Even at an intense lightlevel this variety remains fresh green unlike the usual, more reddish, Echinodorus tenellus. An easy and quite undemanding foreground plant. | 5 - 15+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cultivar |
| Hemianthus callitrichoides 'Cuba' | Hemianthus callitrichoides is one of the smallest aquarium plants in the world, and creeps over the bottom with millimetre-sized round leaves. If planted in small clumps a few centimetres apart, it will spread rapidly and cover the bottom like a carpet. Hemianthus callitrichoides is an attractive foreground plant for small aquariums. Found on Cuba west of Havana. | 3 - 5+ | High | High | Medium | North America |
| Hemianthus callitrichoides 'Cuba' | Hemianthus callitrichoides is one of the smallest aquarium plants in the world, and creeps over the bottom with millimetre-sized round leaves. If planted in small clumps a few centimetres apart, it will spread rapidly and cover the bottom like a carpet. Hemianthus callitrichoides is an attractive foreground plant for small aquariums. Found on Cuba west of Havana | 3 - 5+ | High | High | Medium | North America |
| Hemianthus micranthemoides | Hemianthus micranthemoides from North America is a graceful plant whose small, arched leaves make it look like a miniature version of Egeria. It has a characteristic trailing growth in intensive light, so it can be used as a foreground plant (stems from 10-20 cm tall, 2-3 cm wide). A compact group of Hemianthus micranthemoides is very beautiful with its small, light-green leaves. In terrariums the plant forms a compact cushion. Used to be called Micranthemum micranthemoides. | 5 - 15+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | North America |
| Heteranthera zosterifolia | Heteranthera zosterifolia from South America is an extremely beautiful plant which forms a lot of side shoots and thus quickly forms a bushy plant group. Stems can become 30-50 cm tall and 6-12 cm wide. In strong light growth is intensive, and the plant must be pruned before it becomes so compact that no light reaches the lower leaves. Water roots often form on the stem. In open aquariums it forms small blue flowers if some shoots are allowed to spread on the surface. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Medium | High | South America |
| Hottonia palustris | The stalk plant Hottonia from Asia and Europe is an unassuming and easy beginner plant. The many curved shoots with fanned and intensely light green leaves quickly create a close group. Each stalk becomes 4-6cm wide and 10-30cm high. Frequent cutting of the long shoots ensures growth from the bottom of the plant, and maintains the close, bushy form. The plantâs wide form of growth makes it very suitable for the passage between very low and tall plants and the light green colour makes beautiful contrasts possible. | 10 - 20+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Hydrocotyle tripartita | Hydrocotyle sp."Japan" is the popular name of the plant in different plant forums. It is a variant of Hydrocotyle tripartita from South-East Asia. It is characterised by fast, compact growth and small, intense green leaves on vertical stems. The plant is carpet-forming (5-10 cm tall) and its compact growth can be promoted by physically pressing the carpet with your hand when maintaining your aquarium (mechanical retardation). Carpet formation and compact growth do best in good light. | 5 - 5+ | Medium | Low | High | Asia |
| Hydrocotyle tripartita | Hydrocotyle sp."Japan" is the popular name of the plant in different plant forums. It is a variant of Hydrocotyle tripartita from South-East Asia.It is characterised by fast, compact growth and small, intense green leaves on vertical stems. The plant is carpet-forming (5-10 cm tall) and its compact growth can be promoted by physically pressing the carpet with your hand when maintaining your aquarium (mechanical retardation). Carpet formation and compact growth do best in good light. | 5 - 5+ | Medium | Low | High | Asia |
| Hydrocotyle verticillata | Unlike other Hydrocotyle species, this plant retains its trailing growth form. Verticillata originates from America and becomes 3-7 cm tall. Optimum growth is only achieved in strong light and soft, slightly acidic water. It does not need to be rooted, but can be used as a floating plant. Hydrocotyle verticillata is definitely a foreground plant which can also be used in garden ponds. It can also be used as an indoor plant if the soil is kept moist. | 3 - 10+ | High | Medium | Medium | South America |
| Hygrophila 'Araguaia' | âAraguaiaâ is a river system in Brazil and it is under this name that the plant has become known. There are many signs, however, that the plant is a Hygrophila lancea from Japan and Hong Kong. The stem becomes 10-20 cm tall and 6-15 cm wide. It has compact, tight-sitting leaves and grows branches easily. Pinching of the stems maintains a bushy look. The plant is reddish brown to purple in colour and is promoted by good growth conditions. The growth rate is average for a Hygrophila. | 10 - 20+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | Asia |
| Hygrophila 'Compact' | A very compact variety of Hygrophila corymbosa, with the leaves set close to the stalk.Forms numerous side shoots, enhancing the compact appearance. The leaves are a dark brownish green when the plant leaves the nursery, but after a transitional period in the aquarium they turn light green and silver-white on the underside. In strong light the newest leaves are reddish brown in colour and in time the oldest ones die away - especially in dimmer light. New side shoots are often formed to replace the old ones. | 10 - 15+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Hygrophila corymbosa | Hygrophila corymbosa is an undemanding starter plant that originates from Asia. In the aquarium it will spread fast and create bright green, long and wide leaves. It is a fast growing plant that must be pruned frequently. New shoots will spread from the stem and make the plant look bushier. The cuttings can be re-planted in the bottom of the aquarium where new roots form quickly. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | Asia |
| Hygrophila costata | This plant originates from South-East Asia and stems become 25-60 cm long with 10 cm long leaves. Under water Hygrophila costata has relatively narrow leaves which are grouped close together. Plants sold in the shops are normally cultivated above water, and have rounder leaves with larger gaps between them. Hygrophila costata was called Hygrophila corymbosa 'Angustifolia' until recently. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Low | High | Asia |
| Hygrophila difformis | Hygrophila difformis from Asia is beautiful and undemanding. Stems becomes 20-30 cm tall and 6-12 cm wide. A plant for beginners which can help create a balance in the aquarium from the start. Its rapid growth helps prevent algae because the plant absorbs a great number of nutrients from the water. The shortage of micronutrients leads to pale leaves, which may be an indication that the aquarium needs fertiliser. In large aquariums its lobed leaves can create a distinctive group. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | Asia |
| Hygrophila pinnatifida | Hygrophila pinnatifida originates from India. It obtains brown, patched leaves on the surface with a distinctive burgundy colour underneath. It creates horizontal side shoots and the top shoots should be pinched out in order to maintain compact and attractive growth. The horizontal side shoots easily attach to both wood and rocks. Growth is moderate, stems 15-40 cm tall and 10-20 cm wide, and the colour is attractive when planted in small groups with a plain background. Intense lighting ensures compact growth due to the plant's slow to medium growth rate. | 15 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | Asia |
| Hygrophila pinnatifida and moss | Hygrophila pinnatifida and moss on mangrove wood.Hygrophila pinnatifida originates from India. It obtains brown, patched leaves on the surface with a distinctive burgundy colour underneath. It creates horizontal side shoots and the top shoots should be pinched out in order to maintain compact and attractive growth. The horizontal side shoots easily attach to both wood and rocks. Growth is moderate, stems 15-40 cm tall and 10-20 cm wide, and the colour is attractive when planted in small groups with a plain background. Intense lighting ensures compact growth due to the plant's slow to medium growth rate. | 15 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | Asia |
| Hygrophila polysperma | Hygrophila polysperma from South-East Asia is one of the hardiest aquarium plants available. Stems becomes 25-40 cm and 4-8 cm wide. It is particularly good for beginners because it grows in almost all conditions. It normally grows so fast that it is important to prevent it crowding out other plants. The shoots must be pinched out regularly. Leaves lying on the surface form small new plants. Hygrophila polysperma varies considerably in leaf shape and colour, depending to some extent on the light supplied. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | Asia |
| Hygrophila polysperma 'Rosanervig' | Live aquatic plant sold in pot.Hygrophila polysperma 'Rosanervig' is normally an undemanding plant. But if you want deep-pink leaves you must provide intensive light. Stems becomes 20-40 cm tall and 5-8 cm wide. The distinctive colouring of the light leaf ribs is probably caused by a virus which prevents chlorophyll from being produced in the cells around the leaf ribs, making them white. However, this virus does not affect other plants in the aquarium. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Medium | Medium | Cultivar |
| Hygrophila polysperma 'Rosanervig' | Live aquatic plant in pot, packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Hygrophila polysperma 'Rosanervig' is normally an undemanding plant. But if you want deep-pink leaves you must provide intensive light. Stems becomes 20-40 cm tall and 5-8 cm wide. The distinctive colouring of the light leaf ribs is probably caused by a virus which prevents chlorophyll from being produced in the cells around the leaf ribs, making them white. However, this virus does not affect other plants in the aquarium. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Medium | Medium | Cultivar |
| Hygrophila 'Siamensis' | âSiamensisâ originates from Thailand and have stems from 15-40 cm and 10-15 cm wide. Leaves are light-green and dense. In open aquariums Hygrophila corymbosa 'Siamensis' grows easily above the water surface, where it forms blue-green leaves and small blue flowers. It grows fast and the shoots must be pinched out regularly if you want to keep the plant under water. An extremely hardy plant, suitable for beginners. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | Asia |
| Hygrophila 'Siamensis' | âSiamensisâ originates from Thailand and have stems from 15-40 cm and 10-15 cm wide. Leaves are light-green and dense. In open aquariums Hygrophila corymbosa 'Siamensis' grows easily above the water surface, where it forms blue-green leaves and small blue flowers. It grows fast and the shoots must be pinched out regularly if you want to keep the plant under water. An extremely hardy plant, suitable for beginners. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | Asia |
| Hygrophila 'Siamensis 53B' | Hygrophila corymbosa 'Siamensis 53B' is a variety of Hygrophila corymbosa 'Siamensis'. This Hygrophila 'Siamensis 53B' forms an incredible amount of side shoots and becomes bushy relatively rapidly. Stems becomes 15-40 cm tall and 7-12 cm wide. Its beautiful bright green leaves are narrower than the regular 'Siamensis' and it can achieve red-brown leaves in good light conditions. An undemanding, fast growing plant that must be pruned frequently to maintain a bushy growth. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Hygrophila 'Siamensis 53B' | Live aquatic plant in pot, packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Hygrophila corymbosa 'Siamensis 53B' is a variety of Hygrophila corymbosa 'Siamensis'.This Hygrophila 'Siamensis 53B' forms an incredible amount of side shoots and becomes bushy relatively rapidly. Stems becomes 15-40 cm tall and 7-12 cm wide. Its beautiful bright green leaves are narrower than the regular 'Siamensis' and it can achieve red-brown leaves in good light conditions. An undemanding, fast growing plant that must be pruned frequently to maintain a bushy growth. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Hygrophila 'Siamensis 53B' | Grown in a ceramic mini-pot to plug and grow in the tank. Packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Hygrophila corymbosa 'Siamensis 53B' is a variety of Hygrophila corymbosa 'Siamensis'. This Hygrophila 'Siamensis 53B' forms an incredible amount of side shoots and becomes bushy relatively rapidly. Stems becomes 15-40 cm tall and 7-12 cm wide. Its beautiful bright green leaves are narrower than the regular 'Siamensis' and it can achieve red-brown leaves in good light conditions. An undemanding, fast growing plant that must be pruned frequently to maintain a bushy growth. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Hygrophila 'Siamensis 53B' | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.Hygrophila corymbosa 'Siamensis 53B' is a variety of Hygrophila corymbosa 'Siamensis'.This Hygrophila 'Siamensis 53B' forms an incredible amount of side shoots and becomes bushy relatively rapidly. Stems becomes 15-40 cm tall and 7-12 cm wide. Its beautiful bright green leaves are narrower than the regular 'Siamensis' and it can achieve red-brown leaves in good light conditions.An undemanding, fast growing plant that must be pruned frequently to maintain a bushy growth. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Lagenandra meeboldii 'Red' | This plant is originally from India and is quite similar to a medium-sized, broad-leaved Cryptocoryne. It can be used in the aquarium like Cryptocorynes, but needs sufficient light to develop colours.The leaves are 4-8 cm wide and 6-12 cm long, so the whole plant becomes relatively wide.The colours range from dusty green with bright violet to red-violet often on the same leaf. New leaves are pale pink. | 10 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Lilaeopsis brasiliensis | Lilaeopsis brasiliensis from South America can grow very compact, but a "lawn effect'' (4-7 cm tall) is only achieved at high light intensity. When planting in the aquarium small clumps (approx. 1/8 pot) should be placed a few centimetres apart to help the plants grow together more quickly. Place in an open position without shading from other plants to ensure good light. Lilaeopsis brasiliensis can be used in garden ponds, and also tolerates low salt concentrations in brackish aquariums. | 3 - 5+ | Medium | Medium | Slow | South America |
| Lilaeopsis brasiliensis | Lilaeopsis brasiliensis from South America can grow very compact, but a "lawn effect'' (4-7 cm tall) is only achieved at high light intensity. When planting in the aquarium small clumps (approx. 1/8 pot) should be placed a few centimetres apart to help the plants grow together more quickly. Place in an open position without shading from other plants to ensure good light. Lilaeopsis brasiliensis can be used in garden ponds, and also tolerates low salt concentrations in brackish aquariums. | 3 - 5+ | Medium | Medium | Slow | South America |
| Lilaeopsis brasiliensis | Live aquatic plant in pot, packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Lilaeopsis brasiliensis from South America can grow very compact, but a "lawn effect'' (4-7 cm tall) is only achieved at high light intensity. When planting in the aquarium small clumps (approx. 1/8 pot) should be placed a few centimetres apart to help the plants grow together more quickly. Place in an open position without shading from other plants to ensure good light. Lilaeopsis brasiliensis can be used in garden ponds, and also tolerates low salt concentrations in brackish aquariums. | 3 - 5+ | Low | Low | Slow | South America |
| Lilaeopsis mauritiana | This Lilaeopsis species demands less light than Lilaeopsis brasiliensis, and stays also low (5-10 cm âlawnâ). Tropica's founder, Holger Windeløv, found it on Mauritius in 1992. The plants height and distance between its leaves depend on the light intensity. The more light it gets, the lower the plant and the denser the leaves. The runners spread round the aquarium. Should be planted like Lilaeopsis brasiliensis. | 5 - 10+ | Medium | Medium | Slow | Africa |
| Limnobium laevigatum | Limnobium laevigatum from South America is a decorative floating plant that is particularly suitable for open aquariums. 1-5 cm tall and leaves from 5-15 cm wide. It is also good in traditional aquariums, because the fine, long and decorative roots provide protection to gouramies and other surface fish that like the roots of floating plants. If there are enough nutrients in the water and the light intensity is good, new leaves will appear above the water surface. | 3 - 5+ | Low | Low | Medium | South America |
| Limnobium laevigatum | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.Limnobium laevigatum from South America is a decorative floating plant that is particularly suitable for open aquariums. 1-5 cm tall and leaves from 5-15 cm wide. It is also good in traditional aquariums, because the fine, long and decorative roots provide protection to gouramies and other surface fish that like the roots of floating plants. If there are enough nutrients in the water and the light intensity is good, new leaves will appear above the water surface. | 3 - 5+ | Low | Low | Medium | South America |
| Limnophila aquatica | An extremely beautiful aquarium plant circled by light-green and finely branched leaves from South-East Asia. In the right growing conditions with added CO2 and a nutritious bottom this plant grows fast and can become 25-50 cm long and each stem up to 15 cm wide. In good light it forms horizontal side shoots and becomes attractive and bushy. Most decorative when several stems are planted in a small group. In open aquariums it sometimes sends shoots above the water surface, forming small blue flowers. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Low | High | Asia |
| Limnophila aromatica | There are several varieties of this plant. The variety proposed by Tropica is said to come from Malaysia. It is characterised by its narrow green leaves, which are purple underneath. Like most other red plants, the colour depends on a supply of intensive light. CO2 addition promotes growth significantly, and it also thrives in hard water. Limnophilla aromatica is easy to propagate by cuttings. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Limnophila hippuridoides | Limnophila hippuridoides is originally from Asia and the stalks grow to be 20-50cm high and 6-10cm wide â often with beautiful outwards crooked shoot tips. A simple plant, able to adjust to various conditions. The leaves are green with a red-violet underside, and the whole leaf turns red-violet under ideal growth conditions. It is a vibrant growing plant, which willingly creates new, solid shoots from the base. Thinning of the oldest and longest shoots is recommended, in order to make room for such new shoots. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Limnophila hippuridoides | Grown in a ceramic mini-pot to plug and grow in the tank. Packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Limnophila hippuridoides is originally from Asia and the stalks grow to be 20-50cm high and 6-10cm wide â often with beautiful outwards crooked shoot tips. A simple plant, able to adjust to various conditions. The leaves are green with a red-violet underside, and the whole leaf turns red-violet under ideal growth conditions. It is a vibrant growing plant, which willingly creates new, solid shoots from the base. Thinning of the oldest and longest shoots is recommended, in order to make room for such new shoots. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Limnophila sessiliflora | Limnophila sessiliflora is a good and undemanding plant from South-East Asia which is a good alternative to Cabomba, which demands a lot of light. Stems grows fast up to 40 cm long and becomes 3-4 cm wide. The plant often grows leggy in poor light, but this can be counteracted to some extent by stimulating growth by CO2 addition. Most beautiful when planted in groups. In good growing conditions it sends out runners and spreads across the bottom. Limnophila sessiliflora used to be called "Ambulia''. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | Asia |
| Limnophila sessiliflora | Live aquatic plant in pot, packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Limnophila sessiliflora is a good and undemanding plant from South-East Asia which is a good alternative to Cabomba, which demands a lot of light. Stems grows fast up to 40 cm long and becomes 3-4 cm wide. The plant often grows leggy in poor light, but this can be counteracted to some extent by stimulating growth by CO2 addition. Most beautiful when planted in groups. In good growing conditions it sends out runners and spreads across the bottom. Limnophila sessiliflora used to be called "Ambulia''. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | Asia |
| Limnophila sessiliflora | Grown in a ceramic mini-pot to plug and grow in the tank. Packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Limnophila sessiliflora is a good and undemanding plant from South-East Asia which is a good alternative to Cabomba, which demands a lot of light. Stems grows fast up to 40 cm long and becomes 3-4 cm wide. The plant often grows leggy in poor light, but this can be counteracted to some extent by stimulating growth by CO2 addition. Most beautiful when planted in groups. In good growing conditions it sends out runners and spreads across the bottom. Limnophila sessiliflora used to be called "Ambulia''. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | Asia |
| Lindernia rotundifolia | Lindernia rotundifolia grows on sandy banks along streams in Asia. The plant is undemanding and the stems with marbled leaves quickly form compact groups. Lindernia rotundifolia is suitable both for background and as a solitary mid-ground plant with leaves growing tightly from top to bottom. A good starter plant that thrives under most conditions. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Medium | High | Asia |
| Littorella uniflora | The appearance of Littorella uniflora makes it an easily recognizable plant in the aquarium.It grows wild on lakeshores of Europe, North America and South America. Tolerates quite low light intensity, but this will add to the length of leaves.Each rosette is planted separately with a distance of a few cm. They will readily send out runners. In time a very characteristic carpet of fat and fleshy leaves â each 2-5 cm long and 0,1-0,3 cm wide â will be created.Littorella uniflora is suitable for terrarium and garden ponds, too. | 3 - 5+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cosmopolitan |
| Lobelia cardinalis | Lobelia cardinalis grows wild in Northern America. In the nursery this plant is cultivated in marshy conditions, forming dark-green leaves which are purple underneath. In aquariums the leaves turn a beautiful shade of light-green, with stems 10-30 cm tall and 5-10 cm wide. It needs intensive light to thrive. Widely used in Dutch aquariums in so-called "plant streets''. In open aquariums it grows above the water surface, where it forms very beautiful scarlet flowers and the leaves regain their colour. Can be used in garden ponds. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | North America |
| Lobelia cardinalis | Grown in a ceramic mini-pot to plug and grow in the tank. Packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Lobelia cardinalis grows wild in Northern America. In the nursery this plant is cultivated in marshy conditions, forming dark-green leaves which are purple underneath. In aquariums the leaves turn a beautiful shade of light-green, with stems 10-30 cm tall and 5-10 cm wide. It needs intensive light to thrive. Widely used in Dutch aquariums in so-called "plant streets''. In open aquariums it grows above the water surface, where it forms very beautiful scarlet flowers and the leaves regain their colour. Can be used in garden ponds. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | North America |
| Ludwigia glandulosa | Ludwigia glandulosa from North America is a very beautiful water plant. It is slow growing and requires CO2 addition to grow well. Stems becomes 15-40 cm tall and 5-12 cm wide. The leaves turn greener if sufficient light is not provided. Used to be sold as Ludwigia perennis. | 15 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | North America |
| Ludwigia palustris | This cosmopolitan stem plant turns red easier and is smaller than the well-known Ludwigia repens âRubinâ. Each stalk becomes 2-4 cm wide and 10-30 cm high. The plant willingly creates side shoots, but cutting increases the amount and leaves the plant even denser. The cut-off shoots can be replanted and they quickly generate new roots. The plant becomes intensely red and grows better, when placed in light and with added CO2. | 10 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Cosmopolitan |
| Ludwigia repens 'Rubin' | Variety of Ludwigia repens from North America with striking dark red leaves and stalk. Stems from 20-50 cm and 4-6 cm wide. It makes a fine colour contrast to the green shades in the aquarium. Plant in large groups to enhance the decorative effect, and prune regularly to encourage bushy growth. The plant makes few demands, but if light is insufficient the lower leaves tend to fall off. In strong light the colour becomes more intense. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Low | Medium | North America |
| Marsilea crenata | This small fern comes from Asia, where it often grows in rice fields. The leaves are tiny and rarely wider than 0.5cm. It is a hardy plant that tolerates poor light conditions and high temperatures. However, improved conditions are beneficial to the plant. Planted in small bundles that spread with offshoots. Creates a 1-3cm high and close carpet, well-anchored in the bottom layer. | 3 - 10+ | Medium | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Marsilea hirsuta | Marsilea hirsuta is a carpet-plant from Australia. A fascinating plant, usually delivered with leaves like a four-leaf clover. After a transitional period it develops different types of leaves, possibly a low form with single leaves like a large Glossostigma, or alternatively develop two, three or four-lobed leaves varying in height (from 2-10 cm), depending on the growth conditions. Whichever form the plant adopts, it forms runners and spreads rapidly round the aquarium. | 5 - 20+ | Low | Low | Medium | Australia |
| Micranthemum 'Monte Carlo' | Micranthemum 'Monte Carlo' comes from Argentina. It has compact, round and fresh light green leaves on creeping stalks and creates a fast-growing carpet in the front of the aquarium. The plant can grow in light shadow, but requires good light conditions, as well as CO2 additive, in order to develop optimally and become really compact. | 3 - 5+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | South America |
| Micranthemum umbrosum | Micranthemum umbrosum is a beautiful plant from US with small round leaves. It is suitable for small or large aquariums with stems becoming 10-25 cm long and 1-2 cm wide. Relatively demanding in terms of light. CO2 addition is recommended to promote growth. Once the plant starts growing it grows fast, and the shoots have to be pinched out often (can be planted as cuttings in the bottom). Most beautiful in groups of many stems. | 10 - 15+ | Medium | Medium | High | North America |
| Microsorum & Anubias 'Duet' | Microsorum pteropus and Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia rooted on a large piece of mangrove wood.Microsorum pteropus is a water fern from Asia, 15-30 cm tall, which should be grown on a root or stone, attached with fishing line until it has gained a hold. If it is planted in the bottom, do not cover the rhizome because it will rot. Easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome. A hardy plant which grows in all conditions. The black spots under the leaves are sporangia (reproductive organs), not signs of disease as many believe. Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia originates from an Australian tissue propagation laboratory. It is a very beautiful variety with heart-shaped leaves. The leaves live for several years, so Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia can easily form large groups despite its slow growth. A group of Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia growing more than 50 cm wide in a few years is not unusual. | 15 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cultivar |
| Microsorum pteropus | Plant in 5 cm pot.Microsorum pteropus is a water fern from Asia, 15-30 cm tall, which should be grown on a root or stone, attached with fishing line until it has gained a hold. If it is planted in the bottom, do not cover the rhizome because it will rot. Easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome. A hardy plant which grows in all conditions. The black spots under the leaves are sporangia (reproductive organs), not signs of disease as many believe. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Microsorum pteropus | Microsorum pteropus is a water fern from Asia, 15-30 cm tall, which should be grown on a root or stone, attached with fishing line until it has gained a hold. If it is planted in the bottom, do not cover the rhizome because it will rot. Easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome. A hardy plant which grows in all conditions. The black spots under the leaves are sporangia (reproductive organs), not signs of disease as many believe. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Microsorum pteropus | Microsorum pteropus on lava stone.Microsorum pteropus is a water fern from Asia, 15-30 cm tall, which should be grown on a root or stone, attached with fishing line until it has gained a hold. If it is planted in the bottom, do not cover the rhizome because it will rot. Easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome. A hardy plant which grows in all conditions. The black spots under the leaves are sporangia (reproductive organs), not signs of disease as many believe. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Microsorum pteropus | Microsorum pteropus on lava stone (XL size).Microsorum pteropus is a water fern from Asia, 15-30 cm tall, which should be grown on a root or stone, attached with fishing line until it has gained a hold. If it is planted in the bottom, do not cover the rhizome because it will rot. Easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome. A hardy plant which grows in all conditions. The black spots under the leaves are sporangia (reproductive organs), not signs of disease as many believe. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Microsorum pteropus | Microsorum pteropus grown on wood.Microsorum pteropus is a water fern from Asia, 15-30 cm tall, which should be grown on a root or stone, attached with fishing line until it has gained a hold. If it is planted in the bottom, do not cover the rhizome because it will rot. Easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome. A hardy plant which grows in all conditions. The black spots under the leaves are sporangia (reproductive organs), not signs of disease as many believe. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Microsorum pteropus | Microsorum pteropus grown on Mangrove wood (size XL).Microsorum pteropus is a water fern from Asia, 15-30 cm tall, which should be grown on a root or stone, attached with fishing line until it has gained a hold. If it is planted in the bottom, do not cover the rhizome because it will rot. Easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome. A hardy plant which grows in all conditions. The black spots under the leaves are sporangia (reproductive organs), not signs of disease as many believe. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Microsorum pteropus 'Narrow' | Plant in 5 cm pot.Microsorum pteropus is a highly variable species, and new varieties are easily bred. Microsorum pteropus 'Narrow' has narrower leaves, which grow at a less acute angle from the stem than the normal Microsorum pteropus. Leaves becomes 10-20 cm and a rhizome from 10-15 cm or more. The plant attaches readily to roots and stones. A decorative plant, which is also suitable for smaller aquariums. | 10 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Microsorum pteropus 'Narrow' | Microsorum pteropus 'Narrow' grown on mangrove wood.Microsorum pteropus is a highly variable species, and new varieties are easily bred. Microsorum pteropus 'Narrow' has narrower leaves, which grow at a less acute angle from the stem than the normal Microsorum pteropus. Leaves becomes 10-20 cm and a rhizome from 10-15 cm or more. The plant attaches readily to roots and stones. A decorative plant, which is also suitable for smaller aquariums. | 10 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Microsorum pteropus 'Narrow' | Plant grown on wood with sucker.Microsorum pteropus is a highly variable species, and new varieties are easily bred. Microsorum pteropus 'Narrow' has narrower leaves, which grow at a less acute angle from the stem than the normal Microsorum pteropus. Leaves becomes 10-20 cm and a rhizome from 10-15 cm or more. The plant attaches readily to roots and stones. A decorative plant, which is also suitable for smaller aquariums. | 10 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Microsorum pteropus 'Narrow' | Live aquatic plant in pot, packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.Microsorum pteropus is a highly variable species, and new varieties are easily bred. Microsorum pteropus 'Narrow' has narrower leaves, which grow at a less acute angle from the stem than the normal Microsorum pteropus. Leaves becomes 10-20 cm and a rhizome from 10-15 cm or more. The plant attaches readily to roots and stones. A decorative plant, which is also suitable for smaller aquariums. | 10 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Microsorum pteropus 'Trident' | Plant in 5 cm pot.Green, narrow-leaved, smaller form of Microsorum, which like other Microsorum is an easy and safe plant. âTridentâ is both suitable for beginners, as well as the experienced scaper, and fits both smaller and larger aquariums. The name âTridentâ tells that the plant leafs are tripartite, while the leaves can vary from whole to multipartite. Suitable for planting on stones or tree roots. When planted on the bottom layer, avoid covering the horizontal stalk. New, small plants are often created on the leaf tips, and can carefully be pulled off and planted. | 15 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cultivar |
| Microsorum pteropus 'Trident' | Green, narrow-leaved, smaller form of Microsorum, which like other Microsorum is an easy and safe plant. âTridentâ is both suitable for beginners, as well as the experienced scaper, and fits both smaller and larger aquariums. The name âTridentâ tells that the plant leafs are tripartite, while the leaves can vary from whole to multipartite. Suitable for planting on stones or tree roots. When planted on the bottom layer, avoid covering the horizontal stalk. New, small plants are often created on the leaf tips, and can carefully be pulled off and planted. | 15 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cultivar |
| Microsorum pteropus 'Trident' | Plant grown on wood with sucker(s).Green, narrow-leaved, smaller form of Microsorum, which like other Microsorum is an easy and safe plant. âTridentâ is both suitable for beginners, as well as the experienced scaper, and fits both smaller and larger aquariums. The name âTridentâ tells that the plant leafs are tripartite, while the leaves can vary from whole to multipartite. Suitable for planting on stones or tree roots. When planted on the bottom layer, avoid covering the horizontal stalk. New, small plants are often created on the leaf tips, and can carefully be pulled off and planted. | 15 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cultivar |
| Microsorum pteropus 'Trident' | 15 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia | |
| Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' | Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' is a patented variety of Microsorum pteropus, named after Tropica's founder Holger Windeløv. Its finely branched leaf tips make it one of the most beautiful aquarium plants. The Microsorum variety becomes 15-20 cm tall and wide. A hardy and easy plant for both beginners and the more experienced. Best results are obtained by planting it on a stone or tree root. If planted in the bottom the horizontal rhizome must not be covered. This plant is not eaten by herbivorous fish. | 10 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cultivar |
| Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' | Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' is a patented variety of Microsorum pteropus, named after Tropica's founder Holger Windeløv. Its finely branched leaf tips make it one of the most beautiful aquarium plants. The Microsorum variety becomes 15-20 cm tall and wide. A hardy and easy plant for both beginners and the more experienced. Best results are obtained by planting it on a stone or tree root. If planted in the bottom the horizontal rhizome must not be covered. This plant is not eaten by herbivorous fish. | 10 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cultivar |
| Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' | Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' is a patented variety of Microsorum pteropus, named after Tropica's founder Holger Windeløv. Its finely branched leaf tips make it one of the most beautiful aquarium plants. The Microsorum variety becomes 15-20 cm tall and wide. A hardy and easy plant for both beginners and the more experienced. Best results are obtained by planting it on a stone or tree root. If planted in the bottom the horizontal rhizome must not be covered. This plant is not eaten by herbivorous fish. | 10 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cultivar |
| Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' | Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' is a patented variety of Microsorum pteropus, named after Tropica's founder Holger Windeløv. Its finely branched leaf tips make it one of the most beautiful aquarium plants. The Microsorum variety becomes 15-20 cm tall and wide. A hardy and easy plant for both beginners and the more experienced. Best results are obtained by planting it on a stone or tree root. If planted in the bottom the horizontal rhizome must not be covered. This plant is not eaten by herbivorous fish. | 10 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cultivar |
| Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' | Plant grown on wood with sucker(s).Microsorum pteropus 'Windeløv' is a patented variety of Microsorum pteropus, named after Tropica's founder Holger Windeløv. Its finely branched leaf tips make it one of the most beautiful aquarium plants. The Microsorum variety becomes 15-20 cm tall and wide. A hardy and easy plant for both beginners and the more experienced. Best results are obtained by planting it on a stone or tree root. If planted in the bottom the horizontal rhizome must not be covered. This plant is not eaten by herbivorous fish. | 10 - 20+ | Low | Low | Slow | Cultivar |
| Microsorum sp. | The Bank Wood Ornamentall has two plants grown on a piece of wood with suckers to be placed against the glass wall.The plants are either an Anubias barteri and a Microsorum or two Microsorums. | - | Low | Low | Cultivar | |
| Monosolenium tenerum | The Asian Monosolenium tenerum is an attractive liverwort, 2-5 cm high, which looks most like a giant Riccia that simply stays at the bottom, where it forms cushions. It is a brittle plant, and pieces break off easily, so it is best to place it in the aquarium attached to stones with fishing line or in small clumps among other plants such as Eleocharis. Once Monosolenium has established itself, it is very undemanding. This plant is mistakenly known as Pelia. | 3 - 5+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Monosolenium tenerum | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.The Asian Monosolenium tenerum is an attractive liverwort, 2-5 cm high, which looks most like a giant Riccia that simply stays at the bottom, where it forms cushions. It is a brittle plant, and pieces break off easily, so it is best to place it in the aquarium attached to stones with fishing line or in small clumps among other plants such as Eleocharis. Once Monosolenium has established itself, it is very undemanding. This plant is mistakenly known as Pelia. | 3 - 5+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Monosolenium tenerum | The Asian Monosolenium tenerum is an attractive liverwort, 2-5 cm high, which looks most like a giant Riccia that simply stays at the bottom, where it forms cushions. It is a brittle plant, and pieces break off easily, so it is best to place it in the aquarium attached to stones with fishing line or in small clumps among other plants such as Eleocharis. Once Monosolenium has established itself, it is very undemanding. This plant is mistakenly known as Pelia. | 3 - 5+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Murdannia keisak | This bamboo-looking stem plant is not a grass. It comes from Asia, where it often grows in rice fields.The growth is upright, but the plant branches out willingly when it is cut back. The leaf is light green, approx. 1cm wide and 3-5cm long. The stem apex becomes reddish when exposed to CO2 and strong light. Due to quick growth, the longest shoots require ongoing cut back and some of the tops can be replanted, in order to maintain a beautiful and varied group of plants. | 5 - 20+ | Low | Low | High | Asia |
| Myriophyllum mattogrossense | Myriophyllum matogrossense originates from Mato Grosso in the Rio Amazonas, Brazil. It has decorative and feather-like, reddish stems (30-60 cm long) and finely divided bright green leaves (5 cm wide). In good light conditions the leaves spread out in a fan shape. Myriophyllum is relatively easy and is suitable for the background. It needs to be pruned frequently to maintain its bushy form. It is fast growing and requires a good deal of nutrition. A good starter plant. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | High | South America |
| Nesaea crassicaulis | Nesaea crassicaulis from Africa is a beautiful and highly recommended aquarium plant, although it has high demands for light. It has red-brown, cognac-coloured leaves. Stems becomes 30-50 cm and 8-15 cm wide. Grows best in soft and slightly acidic water. Make sure the lower leaves get sufficient light, otherwise they will die off. This plant is similar to Ammannia species and is often mistaken for them. But in the aquarium it can be recognised by its yellow-green stems. Easy to propagate by side shoots or cuttings, which can be cut off and planted in the bottom. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | Africa |
| Nymphaea lotus | A beautiful and very varied species from West Africa with leaves of green to red-brown and varying numbers of purple spots. Can grow from 20-80 cm tall. Before forming floating leaves Nymphaea lotus (zenkeri) forms many underwater leaves. If you don't want floating leaves, prune the roots and leaves. The beautiful, aromatic flowers can be fully appreciated in open aquariums. A nutritious bottom encourages growth. Often available in a red and a green variety. Recommended as a solitary plant for large aquariums. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Low | Medium | Africa |
| Nymphoides hydrophylla 'Taiwan' | Nymphoides hydrophylla 'Taiwan' grows in Asia and Africa - and this variant of the species originates from southern Taiwan. The rosette plant can become 15-30 cm tall and 10-15 cm wide. This variant is characterised by many underwater leaves and the intense, light-green, transparent colour of the plant. The plant is fast-growing and it is necessary to thin out the leaves (remove oldest leaves and surface leaves). The plant is easy to care for under varying conditions, but for optimal growth it requires a lot of nourishment. The new plant grows from the plates of old leaves. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Medium | High | Asia |
| Nymphoides hydrophylla 'Taiwan' | Nymphoides hydrophylla 'Taiwan' grows in Asia and Africa - and this variant of the species originates from southern Taiwan.The rosette plant can become 15-30 cm tall and 10-15 cm wide. This variant is characterised by many underwater leaves and the intense, light-green, transparent colour of the plant. The plant is fast-growing and it is necessary to thin out the leaves (remove oldest leaves and surface leaves).The plant is easy to care for under varying conditions, but for optimal growth it requires a lot of nourishment. The new plant grows from the plates of old leaves. | 15 - 10+ | Low | Medium | High | Asia |
| Penthorum sedoides | Very dense and compact stem plant from North America.Low maintenance and easy cultivation. The fresh light green, slightly serrated and dense leaves, combined with plenty of side shoots and an almost creeping growth, make this plant extremely attractive. Very suitable for the middle and front areas of the aquarium. The plant grows upright and is less compact in case of reduced CO2 and poor light conditions. | 5 - 20+ | Low | Low | Medium | North America |
| Pistia stratiotes | The floating plant Pistia stratiotes is widespread in the tropics where it is often considered a plant pest due to its rapid growth.The plant is well suited for garden ponds in the summer.In the aquarium, it develops flat rosettes that readily form runners and make slight shade to other plants in the aquarium. The surface will however be covered quickly which is why they need to be thinned out regularly.The beautiful drooping roots are very decorative, and provide excellent hiding places for eggs and fry of various fish.Pistia is a very good "indicator plant": slow growth and very pale leaves are signs of nutrient deficiencies in the water. | 5 - 20+ | Low | Low | High | Tropical |
| Pogostemon erectus | The Indian Pogostemon erectus forms compact groups of bright green, conifer-like stems, 10-20 cm tall and 1-3 cm wide. Pogostemon erectus is suitable as a background plant and creates a wonderful focal point in both smaller and larger groups. Intense light helps the plant to stay compact for a longer period. Moderate growth and vigorous roots. | 15 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | Asia |
| Pogostemon erectus | The Indian Pogostemon erectus forms compact groups of bright green, conifer-like stems, 10-20 cm tall and 1-3 cm wide. Pogostemon erectus is suitable as a background plant and creates a wonderful focal point in both smaller and larger groups. Intense light helps the plant to stay compact for a longer period. Moderate growth and vigorous roots. | 15 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | Asia |
| Pogostemon helferi | This plant was discovered by aquarists in Thailand, close to the border with Burma. It is called 'Downoi' (little star) in Thailand, and it is easy to see why (5-10 cm tall and wide). Pogostemon helferi is an unusual and distinctive aquatic plant with a compact habit, curly leaves and a strikingly beautiful green colour. With good light conditions and a substrate rich in nutrients Pogostemon helferi forms many side shoots, which develop small roots, and the plant rapidly forms an impressive carpet of foreground vegetation. | 3 - 10+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | Asia |
| Pogostemon helferi | Pogostemon helferi on lava stone.This plant was discovered by aquarists in Thailand, close to the border with Burma. It is called 'Downoi' (little star) in Thailand, and it is easy to see why (5-10 cm tall and wide). Pogostemon helferi is an unusual and distinctive aquatic plant with a compact habit, curly leaves and a strikingly beautiful green colour. With good light conditions and a substrate rich in nutrients Pogostemon helferi forms many side shoots, which develop small roots, and the plant rapidly forms an impressive carpet of foreground vegetation. | 3 - 10+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | Asia |
| Pogostemon stellata | Pogostemon stellata from Asia and Australia is distinguished by its beautiful shape and colour. Stems from 20-60 cm and up to 10 cm wide. It is difficult to grow in aquariums. It requires intensive light and the addition of CO2 to grow well. The shortage of micronutrients leads to pale leaves, which may be an indication that the aquarium needs fertiliser. Even in good conditions growth sometimes stops suddenly. Plants in aquarium shops are generally low, compact plants grown in marshy conditions, and do not reveal their full glory until planted in the aquarium. | 15 - 30+ | High | High | Medium | Asia |
| Potamogeton gayi | The dense, branching growth of Potamogeton gayi makes it suitable for both background and solitary groups in the aquarium.It is an upright stem-plant but it makes runners like Vallisneria and the stem also branches willingly after trimming.Leaves are 2-5 mm wide and 5-7 cm long. In good light conditions, the newest leaves are orange, turning to olive green over time. Use it to create a great background for other plants. | 10 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | South America |
| Proserpinaca palustris 'Cuba' | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.Proserpinaca is a stem plant, 10-40 cm tall and 5-10 cm wide. Cultivated in closed cups and delivered with saw-toothed leaves, which after a transitional period in the aquarium develop into long, finely denticulated, needle-like leaves. In good light conditions it turns a beautiful copper colour and its characteristic appearance is a pleasing contrast to the other plants. Proserpinaca palustris varies in form according to its origin. The Tropica cultivar is found on the Isla de la Juventud off Cuba. In the USA the plant is commonly known as "mermaid weed''. | 10 - 30+ | High | High | Medium | South America |
| Ranunculus inundatus | Plant in 5 cm pot.This species comes from Australia and becomes 5-10 cm tall. There are many species and variants of Ranunculus, which grow coarse and leggy in aquariums. Ranunculus inundatus is characterised by its compact form and distinguished, deep-lying umbrellas. The plant forms many vertical runners with new plants and over time thick bottom coverage is formed. Good lighting produces compact growth. Long leaves can be pruned. | 5 - 5+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | Australia |
| Ranunculus inundatus | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.This species comes from Australia and becomes 5-10 cm tall. There are many species and variants of Ranunculus, which grow coarse and leggy in aquariums. Ranunculus inundatus is characterised by its compact form and distinguished, deep-lying umbrellas. The plant forms many vertical runners with new plants and over time thick bottom coverage is formed. Good lighting produces compact growth. Long leaves can be pruned. | 5 - 5+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | Australia |
| Riccardia chamedryfolia | Coral moss - thick and compact moss species with an intense, deep green colour from Asia, 1-3 cm tall. Riccardia is specially suited for attaching to branches and stones. The moss grows slowly and is easily overgrown by algae or other mosses. Riccardia requires more light than other moss species. | 3 - 5+ | High | Medium | Slow | Asia |
| Riccia fluitans | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.Japanese Takashi Amano has inspired many aquarium owners to keep the 1-5 cm tall cosmopolitic moss, Riccia fluitans, submerged. It can be kept down by tying it to a stone with a piece of fishing line, but new shoots always grow towards the surface, so it may be necessary to prune it with scissors. Riccia fluitans thrives best with added CO2 and in good growing conditions small oxygen bubbles form on the leaf tips. As a traditional floating plant offers good protection for young fish. | 3 - 5+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | Cosmopolitan |
| Rotala 'Bonsai' | Rotala 'Bonsai' is best described as a compact, moderate growing version of Bacopa caroliniana. Plant it in small groups and trim it often. Cuttings may be re-planted in the group to achieve a more dense group or carpet. At high light the tip of the stems may become reddish, at lower light the leaves will become larger and the plant less compact. Rotala 'Bonsai' is particularly suitable for nano-aquariums. | 5 - 20+ | Medium | Medium | Slow | Cultivar |
| Rotala 'Green' | The asiatic Rotala sp. âGreenâ is very similar to Rotala rotundifolia, but its leaves remain fresh and bright green, even with intensive light. Stems becomes 40-50 cm long and 2-3 cm wide. The plant forms many side shoots willingly and obtains a beautiful, bushy and "hanging" growth. It should be pruned frequently to maintain healthy growth. An ideal starter plant that looks best when planted in large groups. | 20 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | High | Asia |
| Rotala macrandra | Rotala macrandra is an unusually beautiful aquarium plant, but unfortunately it is very demanding. It needs very good light to develop its beautiful red colour, and CO2 addition and soft water are vital to ensure reasonable growth. It is most beautiful in groups, but do not plant individual shoots too close because this will prevent light reaching the lower leaves. To ensure good colour there must be sufficient micronutrients in the water. | 20 - 30+ | High | High | Medium | Asia |
| Rotala rotundifolia | The Latin name means "the plant with the round leaves''. But this only applies to the marsh variety, which has circular leaves. Rotala rotundifolia from South-East Asia has long, thin leaves (2-3 cm wide) and 15-30 long stems. Unlike other Rotala species it is relatively undemanding, although it needs good light to produce red leaves. It forms side shoots willingly, becoming compact and bushy. This also means that it is hard for light to reach the lower leaves, so the plant should be pruned frequently. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Rotala rotundifolia | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.The Latin name means "the plant with the round leaves''. But this only applies to the marsh variety, which has circular leaves.Rotala rotundifolia from South-East Asia has long, thin leaves (2-3 cm wide) and 15-30 long stems. Unlike other Rotala species it is relatively undemanding, although it needs good light to produce red leaves. It forms side shoots willingly, becoming compact and bushy. This also means that it is hard for light to reach the lower leaves, so the plant should be pruned frequently. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Rotala rotundifolia | Live aquatic plant in pot, packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.The Latin name means "the plant with the round leaves''. But this only applies to the marsh variety, which has circular leaves.Rotala rotundifolia from South-East Asia has long, thin leaves (2-3 cm wide) and 15-30 long stems. Unlike other Rotala species it is relatively undemanding, although it needs good light to produce red leaves. It forms side shoots willingly, becoming compact and bushy. This also means that it is hard for light to reach the lower leaves, so the plant should be pruned frequently. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Rotala rotundifolia | Grown in a ceramic mini-pot to plug and grow in the tank. Packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.The Latin name means "the plant with the round leaves''. But this only applies to the marsh variety, which has circular leaves.Rotala rotundifolia from South-East Asia has long, thin leaves (2-3 cm wide) and 15-30 long stems. Unlike other Rotala species it is relatively undemanding, although it needs good light to produce red leaves. It forms side shoots willingly, becoming compact and bushy. This also means that it is hard for light to reach the lower leaves, so the plant should be pruned frequently. | 15 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Rotala wallichii | Plant in 5 cm pot.Rotala wallichii is a demanding plant that develops red shoot tips in good light conditions. The most decorative effect can be achieved by planting a large number of stems in a group. Rotala walichii is a good foreground plant and suitable for small aquariums because it is easy to prune if it grows too large. CO2 addition boosts growth considerably. It also prefers soft, slightly acidic water. | 10 - 30+ | High | High | Medium | Asia |
| Rotala wallichii | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.Rotala wallichii is a demanding plant that develops red shoot tips in good light conditions.The most decorative effect can be achieved by planting a large number of stems in a group. Rotala walichii is a good foreground plant and suitable for small aquariums because it is easy to prune if it grows too large. CO2 addition boosts growth considerably. It also prefers soft, slightly acidic water. | 10 - 30+ | High | High | Medium | Asia |
| Sagittaria subulata | Sagittaria subulata from South America is an ideal, undemanding foreground plant whose short runners form a compact group. Place individual plants 2-4 cm apart. This plant may cause problems because in certain conditions it suddenly grows to a height of 50 cm when it grows older. But if it is then moved into the background it may become low again. In the aquarium it sometimes sends a long flower stem to the surface, and small white flowers unfold just above the water surface. | 5 - 30+ | Low | Medium | High | South America |
| Sagittaria subulata | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.Sagittaria subulata from South America is an ideal, undemanding foreground plant whose short runners form a compact group. Place individual plants 2-4 cm apart. This plant may cause problems because in certain conditions it suddenly grows to a height of 50 cm when it grows older. But if it is then moved into the background it may become low again. In the aquarium it sometimes sends a long flower stem to the surface, and small white flowers unfold just above the water surface. | 5 - 30+ | Low | Medium | High | South America |
| Salvinia auriculata | Salvinia auriculata is a cosmopolitic floating fern, 1-3 cm, that grows quickly if there is sufficient nutrition and light. Light leaves are a sign of a shortage of micronutrients. It tends to shade light from the plants at the bottom. Salvinia varieties have small hairs on their leaves, making them water resistant.Helps prevent algae by shading parts of the aquarium and using nutrients in the water. Grows very big in the wild and in optimum conditions. A decorative plant for open aquariums. Previously named Salvinia natans. | 3 - 5+ | Low | Low | High | Cosmopolitan |
| Shinnersia rivularis 'Weiss-Grün' | Variety of Shinnersia rivularis, distinguished by the white veins on the leaves, 30-60 cm long and up to 10 cm wide stems. This colour mutation was discovered at the Dennerle aquarium plant nursery. The plant grows rapidly and soon reaches the water surface, but shoots can simply be pinched off and planted back on the bottom. | 10 - 30+ | Medium | Medium | High | Cultivar |
| Staurogyne 'Porto Velho' | Grown in a ceramic mini-pot to plug and grow in the tank. Packed in a breathable blister packaging to go.The South American Staurogyne sp. 'Porto Velho' can be relatively slow in adapting to life in a new aquarium. After an adjustment period, the plant is quite undemanding and easy to maintain.The creeping stems make it an ideal foreground plant. The plant spreads readily and quickly becomes very dense. Thinning is therefore necessary to ensure that the plant has access to light and water circulation.The leaves are narrow and 4-6 cm long. The color is grass green, but purple color tones may appear under particularly good conditions.At very low light intensity, the creeping growth is replaced by upright and very slow growth. | 3 - 15+ | Low | Low | Medium | South America |
| Staurogyne repens | Staurogyne repens is a fresh green, compact and hardy plant for the foreground of the aquarium and it was found in River Rio Cristalino in the southern Amazonas. Its nearest relative in the aquaristic is Hygrophila but Staurogyne is different with its marked compact, low and bushy stature (5-10 cm) and small green leaves (each stem is 3.4 cm wide). During planting in the aquarium, the longest upright shoots should be cut off and new horizontally creeping shoots will soon form from the plant basis and gradually colonize the gravel. | 3 - 10+ | Low | Low | Medium | South America |
| Staurogyne repens | Staurogyne repens is a fresh green, compact and hardy plant for the foreground of the aquarium and it was found in River Rio Cristalino in the southern Amazonas. Its nearest relative in the aquaristic is Hygrophila but Staurogyne is different with its marked compact, low and bushy stature (5-10 cm) and small green leaves (each stem is 3.4 cm wide). During planting in the aquarium, the longest upright shoots should be cut off and new horizontally creeping shoots will soon form from the plant basis and gradually colonize the gravel. | 3 - 10+ | Low | Low | Medium | South America |
| Taxiphyllum barbieri | Taxiphyllum barbieri from South-East Asia is a hardy plant which makes few demands on the water or light. The moss becomes 3-10 cm thick and grows willingly on any surface, so it is ideal for decorating stones and tree roots or concealing installations in the aquarium. Attach the plant with a piece of fishing line or cotton thread until it has gained a hold on the décor. If its growth becomes too luxuriant, it can be pruned with scissors. In breeding aquariums Taxiphyllum barbieri is a wonderful hiding place for the young fish. | 3 - 10+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Taxiphyllum barbieri | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.Taxiphyllum barbieri from South-East Asia is a hardy plant which makes few demands on the water or light. The moss becomes 3-10 cm thick and grows willingly on any surface, so it is ideal for decorating stones and tree roots or concealing installations in the aquarium. Attach the plant with a piece of fishing line or cotton thread until it has gained a hold on the décor. If its growth becomes too luxuriant, it can be pruned with scissors. In breeding aquariums Taxiphyllum barbieri is a wonderful hiding place for the young fish. | 3 - 10+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Taxiphyllum barbieri | Taxiphyllum barbieri from South-East Asia is a hardy plant which makes few demands on the water or light. The moss becomes 3-10 cm thick and grows willingly on any surface, so it is ideal for decorating stones and tree roots or concealing installations in the aquarium. Attach the plant with a piece of fishing line or cotton thread until it has gained a hold on the décor. If its growth becomes too luxuriant, it can be pruned with scissors. In breeding aquariums Taxiphyllum barbieri is a wonderful hiding place for the young fish. | 3 - 10+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Taxiphyllum 'Flame' | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.Asian Flame moss got its name from its form of growth. Tight, vertical growing and light undulating shoots give the impression of a deep green camp fire, 5-15cm high. The very special form makes Flame moss extremely suitable for horizontal surfaces and it only spreads slowly horizontally. A lovely result is achieved by binding the moss to small stones or in small bundles on tree roots. | 3 - 10+ | Low | Low | Slow | Asia |
| Taxiphyllum 'Spiky' | Best described as Christmas moss' big brother, but from Asia, 2-10 cm tall, rougher and bigger with deep green, branched shoots. Spiky moss does best on vertical surfaces where the branched shoots settle in. It grows fast and requires a lot of light to do well. | 3 - 10+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Taxiphyllum 'Spiky' | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.Best described as Christmas moss' big brother, but from Asia, 2-10 cm tall, rougher and bigger with deep green, branched shoots. Spiky moss does best on vertical surfaces where the branched shoots settle in. It grows fast and requires a lot of light to do well. | 3 - 10+ | Low | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Utricularia graminifolia | Utricularia graminifolia from Asia belongs to the bladderwort family. All the plants in this family are insect eating, perennial water and marsh plants. Bladder traps are a unique feature of this family, which Utricularia graminifolia forms after a short period of time in the aquarium. The species name means 'with grass like leaves' and the fresh green leaves after a short period of time form a pretty mat which looks like a lawn (2-8 cm tall). Utricularia graminifolia is therefore an ideal foreground plant. | 3 - 10+ | Medium | Medium | Medium | Asia |
| Vallisneria americana 'Asiatica' | Vallisneria sp. Asiatica has twisted, green leaves that make a beautiful contrast when planted in groups. Its shorter leaves (20-30 cm) differ from most other Vallisneria species and do not overshadow other plants in the aquarium. An easy plant that readily propagates via runners. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | Asia |
| Vallisneria americana 'Gigantea' | Vallisneria sp. Gigantea from Asia is an easy plant that grows fast, suitable for large aquariums. In most aquariums the leaves grow so long that they float on the surface (50-150 cm, 2 cm wide). So the plant needs pruning to stop it taking too much light from plants growing beneath. The leaves are tough and strong, so they are not normally eaten by herbivorous fish. Vallisneria americana is easy to propagate using runners, which are prolific if the bottom is nutritious. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | Asia |
| Vallisneria americana 'Natans' | Vallisneria sp. âNatansâ from Asia is a hardy plant for beginners. It has fine, narrow leaves (50-100 cm long, 1 cm wide) so it does not overshadow other plants much. Easy to propagate using its many runners. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | Asia |
| Vallisneria nana | Vallisneria nana from Australia is a solitary contrast plant with dark green, rosulate, narrow leaves (less than 1 cm). It is extremely suitable as a mid-ground plant, but can also be used as a background plant in small aquariums. The leaves are much narrower than with other species of Vallisneria, nor are they quite as long. Vallisneria nana produces offshoots very readily, so compact vegetation will soon develop in good conditions. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | Medium | Australia |
| Vallisneria spiralis 'Tiger' | Vallisneria spiralis 'Tiger' from Asia is an excellent plant for beginners, growing in virtually all light and water conditions. The name 'Tiger' is due to its striped leaves (30-50 cm long, 1-2 cm wide). The relatively short leaves make it suitable for small aquariums, and the leaves are also narrow so they do not overshadow smaller plants. Forms runners easily, and is thus easy to propagate. | 20 - 30+ | Low | Low | High | Asia |
| Vesicularia dubyana 'Christmas' | A moss speciality from Brasil, 1-3 cm tall, called "Christmas tree moss'', because of its side branch structure which distinguishes it from ordinary Vesicularia dubyana and looks like fir tree branches. It is more demanding than ordinary Java moss and grows more slowly. It attaches readily to roots and stones, and as it spreads in the water it needs pruning to keep its shape attractive. See also Taxiphyllum barbieri. | 3 - 5+ | Medium | Low | Medium | South America |
| Vesicularia dubyana 'Christmas' | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.A moss speciality from Brasil, 1-3 cm tall, called "Christmas tree moss'', because of its side branch structure which distinguishes it from ordinary Vesicularia dubyana and looks like fir tree branches. It is more demanding than ordinary Java moss and grows more slowly. It attaches readily to roots and stones, and as it spreads in the water it needs pruning to keep its shape attractive. See also Taxiphyllum barbieri. | 3 - 5+ | Medium | Low | Medium | South America |
| Vesicularia dubyana 'Christmas' | A moss speciality from Brasil, 1-3 cm tall, called "Christmas tree moss'', because of its side branch structure which distinguishes it from ordinary Vesicularia dubyana and looks like fir tree branches. It is more demanding than ordinary Java moss and grows more slowly. It attaches readily to roots and stones, and as it spreads in the water it needs pruning to keep its shape attractive. See also Taxiphyllum barbieri. | 3 - 5+ | Medium | Low | Medium | South America |
| Vesicularia ferriei 'Weeping' | Vesicularia ferriei 'Weeping', commonly known as Weeping Moss, is believed to originate from China and has been distributed by Oriental Aquarium Plants. 'Weeping' is a fleshy, 1-3 cm tall hanging moss with teardrop-like bright green shoots. It is best attached to driftwood or roots, as its drooping growth pattern helps to create depth and contrast in the aquarium. 'Weeping' has low demands, is fast growing and should be pruned frequently with scissors to maintain an attractive shape. | 3 - 5+ | Medium | Low | Medium | Asia |
| Vesicularia ferriei 'Weeping' | Aquarium plant from tissue culture in closed cup.Vesicularia ferriei 'Weeping', commonly known as Weeping Moss, is believed to originate from China and has been distributed by Oriental Aquarium Plants. 'Weeping' is a fleshy, 1-3 cm tall hanging moss with teardrop-like bright green shoots. It is best attached to driftwood or roots, as its drooping growth pattern helps to create depth and contrast in the aquarium. 'Weeping' has low demands, is fast growing and should be pruned frequently with scissors to maintain an attractive shape. | 3 - 5+ | Medium | Low | Medium | Asia |
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